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Uses of Boundary Surveys
by
Dahlia Lugo
Boundary survey is the process of finding, identifying, measuring, evaluating, analyzing as well as reporting the location of the boundary lines of a land. A boundary survey discloses any type of land encroachments. The land surveying firms perform a boundary survey in accordance with the pre defined technical standards. The land surveyors make determinations on the reliability of existing land corners. A boundary survey plat is then created by depicting the output of the survey. It is used to resolve boundary disputes for any subdivision of land, road boundary realignment, etc.
A land surveyor identifies and examines the historical records relating to the land. Apart from the legal documents and registry of deeds this research may also include the probate issues, town offices, and historical associations. This research is helpful to locate existing buildings, monuments and other evidences of the boundaries. The results of the past and present field work are compared with the research and the surveyor then coordinates all the information to arrive at a final mapping. The actual cost of a boundary survey mainly depends on multiple aspects, some of which can be known only after commencing the survey work. The size, terrain, vegetation and location influence the cost. Boundary surveys
are used to help property owners to accurately establish the boundary lines. It also expounds information about your property or any easements or encroachments. The methods used in the boundary survey can be tailored to match the size and requirements of the project. Moreover, you should select a firm that offers comprehensive engineering, land surveying, construction management and other surveying services like geodetic survey,
ALTA / ACSM land title surveys
(ALTA Surveys) and GPS land survey, etc. for responsive and professional services.
Armando Dupont, a professional land surveyor started his career in surveying in 1977 and has extensive experience in managing personnel and projects. Mr. Dupont founded Calvada Surveying, Inc. in 1989 and is a licensed professional land surveyor in the State of California. As an elite land surveying firm, Calvada Surveying, Inc. offers professional land surveying services, including ALTA Surveys, ACSM Surveys, 3D High Definition Land Surveying (High Definition Laser Scanning) services, boundary surveys, and other land surveying services throughout the Western United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming). They are one of the best land surveyors for the real estate, renewable energy, engineering, public works, environmental, and telecommunications industries.
Mr. Dupont founded Calvada Surveying, Inc. in 1989 and is a licensed professional land surveyor in the State of California. As an elite land surveying firm, Calvada Surveying, Inc. offers professional land surveying services, including ALTA Surveys, ACSM Surveys, 3D High Definition Land Surveying (High Definition Laser Scanning) services,
boundary surveys
, and other land surveying services throughout the Western United States.
Article Source:
ArticleRich.com
Wednesday, April 13, 2005The local government of Arad County in western Romania today launched a project calling for the creation of a new industrial area in the commune of Zimandul Nou. They have already allocated 0.3 km² for this project, with more land being expected to be allocated for the industrial precinct.
The president of Arad Couty Council, Iosif Matula, says that the labour force in the area is qualified in industrial occupations, especially in the fields of textiles, furniture, electronics and tools industries. The site also already has all the necessary infrastructure, such as gas, access to sewage and a water purifying facility.
The industrial area will be located on the outskirts of the Zimandul Nou commune, which is a fairly small, rural town. The proposed Zimandul Nou industrial area is one of the latest development projects by the Arad County Council, which has, since a few years ago, embarked on a fairly wide-ranging project of attracting foreign investment and developing further industry in rural areas.
The county capital, Arad, with a population of nearly 190,000, is one of Romania’s largest industrial centres and is a major centre for foreign investment, but the county council would like to see more industry heading to the rural areas. The Zimandul Nou precinct will be the eighth industrial zone in a formerly-rural area in the county. The other seven areas have already attracted combined foreign investments of over 120 million euro.
Monday, June 1, 2009
United States automobile manufacturing firm General Motors filed for bankruptcy and Chapter 11 protection from its creditors at 12:00 UTC Monday, in a Manhattan, New York federal bankruptcy court. This was the largest bankruptcy filing for a U.S. manufacturing company, and with declared assets of $82.29 billion and a debt of $172.81 billion, and the fourth largest bankruptcy filing in recent U.S. history — after the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers ($691.06 billion), Washington Mutual ($327.91 billion), and WorldCom ($103.91 billion).
The filing, expected to be the first of many, was for a New York GM affiliate, Chevrolet-Saturn of Harlem Incorporated. Numbered 09-50026, it named GM as a debtor in possession, and was filed before judge Robert Gerber.
GM is to be represented throughout the filing process by Weil Gotshal & Manges, a New York law firm specializing in bankruptcy.
The chief restructuring officer, named in the filing, is to be Al Koch, a managing director at AlixPartners LLP in New York, who will report directly to Fritz Henderson, the Chief Executive Officer of General Motors.
In its bankruptcy petition, GM listed its primary creditors as:
| Name | Amount owed (USD millions) |
|---|---|
| Wilmington Trust | 22,000 |
| United Auto Workers union (UAW) | 20,560 |
| Deutsche Bank | 4,440 |
The amount owed to UAW excludes “approximately $9.4 billion corresponding to the GM Internal VEBA“. USD22,760 millions are owed to bondholders.
Analysts have observed that the effect of the bankruptcy filing on the U.S. economy is not expected to be as major as it once would have been. One such voice, Mark Zandy, an economist at Moody’s Economy.com, commented that “Bankruptcy now is irrelevant in terms of the economic consequence of what’s happening to GM.” Such analysts believe that the economic impact of GM’s problems has already been felt, with its effects on parts suppliers and employment. They also believe that GM’s programme of accelerated payments, and its participation in a U.S. Treasury program to ensure prompt payments to parts manufacturers, will have cushioned the effect of the bankruptcy itself.
Speaking on Bloomberg Radio, David Cole, chairman of the Center for Automotive Research in Ann Arbor, stated that the fragility of the parts suppliers, the loss of whom would threaten the entire automobile manufacturing industry, was of more immediate concern than the GM bankruptcy.
Also filing for chapter 11 protection today were Saturn LLC and Saturn Distribution Corporation, subsidiary companies of General Motors.
As a consequence of the bankruptcy, General Motors Corporation (GM.N) was removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average, and was replaced by Cisco Systems (CSCO.O), these changes scheduled by Dow Jones & Company to take effect from the opening of trading on June 8.
Submitted by: Richard Mills
Question: 1
Which of the following statements about the over-the-counter market is true?
A. Only penny stocks are traded in the over-the-counter market.
B. Trades in the over-the-counter market are conducted via the auction process.
C. Only bonds and other debt instruments are traded in the over-the-counter market.
D. Stocks that are listed on exchange floors are also traded in the over-the-counter market.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Stocks that are listed on exchange floors are also traded in the over-the-counter market. The term third market refers to over-the-counter trading of listed stocks. All types of securities-stocks, bonds, options, warrants, rights-trade over the counter. The over-the-counter market is a negotiated market, not an auction market.
Question: 2
Which of the following is not an auction market?
A. NASDAQ
B. NYSE
C. CHX
D. All of the above are auction markets
Answer: A
Explanation:
NASDAQ is not an auction market. NASDAQ is a computerized system of geographically dispersed securities dealers. As such, it is a negotiated market. The NYSE (New York Stock Exchange) and the CHX (Chicago Stock Exchange) are both auction markets.
Question: 3
The entity that serves as the auctioneer for trades conducted on an organized exchange floor is known as a:
A. registered trader.
B. specialist.
C. floor broker.
D. commission broker.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The entity that serves as the auctioneer for trades conducted on an organized exchange floor is known as a specialist. The specialist is assigned stocks by the exchange and is a market maker in those stocks. A registered trader is a private individual who buys and sells on his own account only. Floor brokers and commission brokers execute trades for other investors.
Question: 4
Which of the following statements about specialists is false?
A. Specialists are market makers in assigned stocks and, as such, can profit from these investments.
B. Specialists are required to maintain a fair and orderly market in their assigned stocks, meaning that they must buy if there is an excess of sell orders and sell out of their own portfolios if there is an excess of buy orders.
C. Specialists are employees of the exchange on which they oversee trades.
D. In addition to acting as market makers, specialists also act as agents and execute limit orders placed by commission brokers for their clients if the specified price is reached.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The statement that specialists are employees of the exchange on which they oversee trades is false. Specialists are separate firms that are members of the exchange. Specialists are market makers in the stocks that are assigned them by the exchange and can earn profits (or losses) on these investments, just like any other market maker. They are required to maintain a fair and orderly market in their assigned stocks, however, which means they sometimes must trade against the market. They also maintain a central limit order book in their assigned stocks.
Question: 5
NASDAQ market makers provide investors with assurance that:
A. there is a market for the listed security.
B. the investor will be able to buy or sell the security at a price he desires.
C. the investor will be investing in a high quality investment with relatively low risk.
D. NASDAQ market makers provide investors with no assurance whatsoever. It is buyer beware.
Answer: A
Explanation:
NASDAQ market makers provide investors with assurance that there is a market for the listed security by posting bid and ask prices for it. There is no guarantee, however, that the investor will be able to buy or sell the security at the price he desires or that the investment is high quality and low risk.
Question: 6
SuperDOT is:
A. an electronic communication network (ECN).
B. an electronic system whereby trades are executed on NASDAQ.
C. an electronic system used to place orders on the NYSE.
D. both A and C.
Answer: C
Explanation:
SuperDOT is an electronic system used to place market and limit orders on the NYSE whereby the orders are routed directly to the specialist in the assigned stocks. It is not an ECN, which is an electronic network that is designed to allow buyers and sellers to interact directly with each other, thereby bypassing the middlemen.
Question: 7
GoForBroke Investments has registered with the SEC to be a market maker in certain NASDAQ-listed securities. In order to be able to enter bid and ask quotes for the securities in which it is going to make a market, GoForBroke must subscribe to which level of NASDAQ?
A. Level I
B. Level II
C. Level III
D. Level IV
Answer: C
Explanation:
In order to enter bid and ask quotes, GoForBroke must subscribe to NASDAQs Level II I. Level I simply allows the user to view the highest bid and lowest ask price for a security, and Level II allows the user to view all the bid and ask quotes from all the market makers in a security, but only Level III allows the subscriber to enter quotes. There is no Level IV.
Question: 8
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all auction stock exchanges in the U.S.?
A. There is a central marketplace.
B. Stocks that are traded on the exchange must meet certain listing requirements, determined by the exchange.
C. In order to conduct a trade on the exchange, a broker must be a member of the exchange or hold a license to trade on the exchange.
D. If a stock is listed on one of these exchanges, it is not permitted to be listed on any other exchange.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The statement that does not describe a characteristic of all U.S. auction stock exchanges is D. Dual listing is permitted. Stocks listed on one exchange may also be listed on another. In fact, most of the trading on U.S. regional exchanges is in dual-listed stocks. All of the auction exchanges do have a central marketplace, listed stocks must meet listing requirements, and brokers wishing to conduct trades on the exchange must be members of the exchange or hold a license to trade on the exchange.
Question: 9
Which of the following is an example of a primary market transaction?
A. Exco Resources (XCO) sells a new issue of 7.5%, 8-year notes.
B. Ms. Talker calls her broker and places a market order to sell shares of AT&T (T) on the NYSE.
C. Mr. Safe purchases a Treasury bill with two weeks remaining to maturity.
D. Mr. Green places an order to buy shares of Sunvalley Solar, Inc. (SSOL), a stock selling on the OTC Bulletin Board.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Exco Resources new bond issue is a primary market transaction. The primary market refers to the market for new issues. The other three scenarios describe transactions in securities that are already being traded and are secondary market transactions.
Question: 10
NASDAQ is:
A. an acronym for Norways major stock exchange.
B. the government organization that insures accounts at U.S. brokerage firms.
C. a computerized system that links together the U.S. regional exchanges.
D. a computerized quotation system used in the over-the-counter market.
Answer: D
Explanation:
NASDAQ is a computerized quotation system that is used in the over-the-counter market. It allows NASDAQ market makers to enter bid and ask quotes and allows subscribers at lower levels to view the bid and ask quotes available.
Question: 11
All government bonds and the majority of corporate bonds are traded:
A. on the floor of the NYSE.
B. via electronic communication networks (ECNs).
C. on regional exchanges.
D. in the over-the-counter market.
Answer: D
Explanation:
All government bonds and the majority of corporate bonds are traded in the over-the-counter market.
Question: 12
Which of the following types of securities would not be traded in the over-the-counter market?
I. stock options
II. government bonds
III. corporate bonds
IV. corporate stocks
A. I only
B. I and IV only
C. III and IV only
D. All of the choices are traded in the over-the-counter market.
Answer: D
Explanation:
All of the choices listed-and more-are traded in the over-the-counter market: stock options, government bonds, corporate bonds, and corporate stocks. Additionally, securities such as warrants, rights, forward contracts, and foreign currencies also trade in the over-the-counter market.
Question: 13
Which of the following are duties of the specialist on an exchange floor?
I. executing limit orders if/when the limit price specified is reached
II. minimizing any imbalance in supply and demand for the stock(s) that the specialist is assigned
III. determining an opening price for each assigned stock every day
IV. serving as an auctioneer for the shares of the assigned stocks
A. I and II only
B. I, II, and IV only
C. I and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IV
Answer: D
Explanation:
All of the choices listed are duties of the specialist on an exchange floor. The specialist maintains a limit order book and executes those orders if/when the limit price is reached. The specialist is also charged with maintaining a fair and orderly market in the assigned securities, which means trading on his own account to ensure that the supply and demand of the stocks shares match. Additionally, the specialist is responsible for setting the opening price for the assigned stock each day and for serving as the auctioneer for the shares of the stock.
Question: 14
The price at which an investor can sell a security to a market maker in the over-the-counter market is called the:
A. sale price.
B. put price.
C. bid price.
D. ask price.
Answer: C
Explanation:
An investor can sell a security to a market maker in the over -the-counter market at the bid price, which is the price at which the market maker is willing to buy the security.
About the Author: Test Information:Total Questions: 325Test Number: SERIES6Vendor Name: FINRACert Name: FINRA CertificationTest Name: Investment Company and Variable Contracts Products Representative Examination (IR)Official Site:
examcertify.co.uk
For More Details:
examcertify.co.uk/SERIES6.html
Source:
isnare.com
Permanent Link:
isnare.com/?aid=1968182&ca=Finances}
Submitted by: Melody Lotte
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Source:
isnare.com
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Friday, June 30, 2006
The Portuguese Minister of Foreign Affairs Freitas do Amaral has resigned from his position. Replacing Freitas do Amaral in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will be Luís Amado, current Minister of National Defense.
Prime Minister José Sócrates requested President Cavaco Silva to relieve Freitas do Amaral of his posts of minister of state and foreign affairs, on his request, for reasons of health, according to a cabinet press release.
In the press release, José Sócrates also proposed the nomination of the current minister of defense, Luís Amado, to replace Freitas do Amaral. José Sócrates also proposed the nomination of Nuno Severiano Teixeira as the new defense minister. Teixeira was the Internal Administration Minister in the second executive lead by António Guterres (1999/2001). Both possessions are scheduled for next Monday morning.
“In this occasion, the Prime Minister desires to underline the extraordinary contribute which, with all his experience and international prestige, the professor Diogo Freitas do Amaral gave to the Government and the national interests in the conduction of the Portuguese external politics”, the press release stated.
In a press conference this Friday afternoon, Foreign Affairs spokesman António Carneiro Jacinto said that Freitas do Amaral will be operated next Monday (July 3) to an injury in the cervical column which hinders him from travelling by airplane in the coming months.
“The resignation was not motivated by politic divergences of any type, which had not existed, nor exist. It’s because the aggravation of the health” of Diogo Freitas do Amaral, said the spokesman in the press conference.
The resignation of Freitas do Amaral was expected has for some time. On March, in an interview to the Portuguese newspaper “Expresso”, the Minister said that he arrived home “at the end of the day completely tired” and admitted that he would not be able to handle the work of the ministry when Portugal starts to exercise its presidency of the European Union in 2007.
Wednesday, October 17, 2007
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a drug-resistant strain of bacteria, killed nearly 19,000 Americans in 2005 alone, according to a new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. That is more people than were killed by AIDS in the United States. More than 94,000 Americans were afflicted with MRSA infections in 2005.
Although the supergerm, or superbug, is primarily found in hospitals, a growing number of cases have been contracted at public gyms and schools. In Moneta, Virginia, a high school senior died from an infection that spread to his kidney, liver, lungs and heart. In Bedford County, where Moneta is located, school officials have reported five cases of the Methicillin-resistant strain of the Staph bacteria. County officials closed the schools to clean them.
“Certainly, MRSA now has to be viewed as a very important target for prevention and control,” said Dr. David A. Talan, an infectious diseases specialist at Olive View-UCLA Medical Center.